Structural working principle and classification of down-the-hole drilling rig
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Mechanism composition of large surface DTH drilling rig
1. Drill stand: The drill stand is the guide rail for the rotary device to slide, and the drilling tool to advance and lift.
2. Sliding frame: The sliding frame is a square box structure welded by steel plates to connect and support the drilling frame.
3. Rotary device: This mechanism is composed of hydraulic motor, main shaft mechanism, pressing head, sliding plate and central air supply mechanism. The chain of the propulsion mechanism is fixed on the slide plate through the pin shaft and the spring damping mechanism.
4. Propulsion mechanism: The propulsion mechanism consists of a propulsion hydraulic motor, a sprocket group, a chain and a buffer spring.
5. Rod unloader: The rod unloader is composed of an upper rod unloader body, a lower rod unloader body, a clamping rod cylinder and a rod unloading cylinder.
6. Dust removal device: Dust removal device is divided into dry dust removal, wet dust removal, mixed dust removal and foam dust removal.
7. Walking mechanism: The walking device is composed of a walking frame, a hydraulic motor, a multi-stage planetary reducer, a crawler, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a tensioning device.
8. Rack: Air compressor unit, dust removal device, fuel tank pump group, valve group, driver's cab, etc. are all installed on the rack.
9. Body slewing mechanism: The mechanism consists of a slewing motor, a brake, a deceleration device, a pinion, a slewing bearing, etc.
10. Drill stand deflection mechanism: This mechanism is composed of a deflection oil cylinder, a hinge shaft and a hinge seat, etc., which can make the drill stand tilt left and right to adjust the drilling angle.
11. Compressor system and impactor: The compressor system is generally equipped with a screw air compressor, which provides compressed air for the high-pressure impactor and the jet cleaning system of the laminar flow precipitator.
The basic composition of general down-the-hole drilling rig:
The drilling tool consists of a drill rod, a ball-tooth drill bit and an impactor. When drilling, use two drill rods to drill into the stainless steel plate. The rotary air supply mechanism is composed of a rotary motor, a rotary reducer, and a rotary air supply. The rotary reducer is a closed heterosexual component of the three-stage cylindrical gear, which is automatically lubricated by a screw oiler. The air supply gyrator is composed of a connecting body, a seal, a hollow main shaft and a drill pipe joint, etc., and is provided with a pneumatic grip for connecting and unloading the drill pipe. The lifting pressure regulating mechanism is made by the lifting motor to realize the lifting action of the rotary mechanism and the drilling tool with the help of the lifting reducer and the lifting chain. In the closed chain system, a pressure regulating cylinder, a movable pulley block, and a waterproofing agent are installed. During normal operation, the movable pulley block is pushed by the piston rod of the pressure regulating cylinder to make the drilling tool realize decompression drilling.
